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Buying a home is exciting, emotional and yes – a little intimidating, especially when you start thinking about finances. If you’re concerned about how much house you can actually afford, you’re not alone. The good news is that by taking the right steps now, you can start your search with confidence and clarity – and an eye on the future.
Step 1: Know Your Budget
As you get ready to start swiping through listings, you should first figure out what fits comfortably in your monthly spending plan. A common rule of thumb? Keep your total housing costs — mortgage, property taxes, insurance and HOA fees — under 28% of your gross monthly income. For example, if you make $7,000 a month before taxes, you’ll want to keep your monthly housing expenses to $1,960 or less.
Step 2: Check Your Debt-to-Income Ratio (DTI)
Your DTI is very important to lenders, telling them how much debt you’re currently juggling and how the purchase of a home will increase your expenses. A lower DTI not only makes you a more attractive buyer – it can also unlock better loan terms and lower interest rates. Ideally, your total monthly obligations (car payments, student loans, credit cards, etc.) should stay below 36% of your income.
Step 3: Plan Your Down Payment
The more you put down, the less you have to borrow, which means lower monthly payments and possibly not having to get private mortgage insurance (PMI). A 20% down payment is great if you can manage it, but many buyers go with 3-10%, especially with FHA or first-time buyer programs. And don’t forget closing costs – usually around 2-5% of the purchase price.
Step 4: Explore Your Loan Options
All mortgages are not created equal. From 30-year fixed to adjustable-rate loans, the type you choose plays a big role in how much property you can take on (and how much you’ll pay over time). Before you talk with your lender, do some research, come prepared and ask plenty of questions. You’ll want to learn if you’re eligible for any governmental programs, if your monthly requirement could change and/or what will happen if you ever have unexpected financial difficulties.
Step 5: Think Beyond the Numbers
The bank might say you can afford that dream home – but whether or not you should actually purchase it is another question. Be honest about what matters most to you in terms of lifestyle. Do you want to travel, save more or splurge on concert tickets? Then you should leave room in your budget for these activities. Also remember that once you move in, you’ll most likely want to buy furniture and other household items as well as upgrade with new paint or cabinetry. The cost of personalizing your new residence can quickly add up.
Step 6: Use a Mortgage Calculator
Before you start seriously house shopping, try experimenting with an online mortgage calculator. It will show you how changes in interest rates, home prices and loan terms impact your monthly payment. Zillow and realtor.com® offer easy-to-use tools that take a lot of the guesswork out of the budgeting process, allowing you to see results in a matter of seconds.
Step 7: Talk to the Pros
Every day, real estate professionals and mortgage lenders navigate their clients through their buying journey – so lean on their expertise. A good agent will tailor the search to your recommended price range and refer you to a lender who will explain your options and help you make the best decisions for your unique circumstances. You should also chat with friends and family who have recently bought a home and can give you some valuable firsthand advice.
Determining how much home you can afford isn’t just about cold hard numbers. It’s about finding a place where you can live well and sleep easy. With a clear plan, a trusted team and a little prep, you’ll be well on your way to finding a property you love without breaking the bank.
